Ho phehella polokeho ea phepelo le tikoloho e felletseng ea lehae bakeng sa indasteri ea tlhahisoleseling ea elektroniki ea China ke mohato o mong le o mong hape o boima. Boemo ba pele ke nts'etsopele e ikemetseng le tlhahiso ea lichifi, ebe tlhokahalo ea lisebelisoa tsa lapeng e fumaneha. Empa lintlha li bontša hore leha thepa e ka etsoa ka hare ho naha, ha e ea lekana. United States e laetse lik'hamphani tse etsang li-wafer tsa China, mme bahlahisi ba bang ba lisebelisoa tsa China ba ile ba tlameha ho inehela thibelong ea US. Lebaka le ka sehloohong e ne e le ho itšetleha ha bona ho United States bakeng sa likarolo tsa bohlokoa. Ha ho bapisoa le thepa eohle, boholo ba 'maraka oa likarolo tse ling ha bo kholo, empa ka sebele ke sehokelo se tloaelehileng sa botlolo se entsoeng ho tloha ho tse nyenyane ho ea ho tse kholo.

Ka 2020, palo ea theko ea likarolo tse ka pele tsa lisenthimithara tse 8 le 12-inch (likarolo) bakeng sa likhoele tsa wafer naheng ea China e ile ea feta lidolara tse 1 bilione. Haeba mela ea tlhahiso ea bahlahisi ba mose ho maoatle ba joalo ka Samsung, Hynix, le TSMC naheng ea China e qheletsoe ka thoko, palo e rekiloeng ea baetsi ba liphaephe tsa lehae tsa China (haholo-holo ho kenyeletsoa SMIC, Hua Hong Group, China Resources Microelectronics, Yangtze River Storage, jj.) inch. le likarolo tsa lisebelisoa tse ka pele tsa 12-inch, tse tšoanang ka tlase) ke liranta tse limilione tse 430 tsa US. Likarolo tsa lisebelisoa tse rekiloeng ke baetsi ba liphaephe tsa China haholo-holo li kenyelletsa Quartz, RF Jenereithara, lipompo tse fapaneng, joalo-joalo, li nka karolo ea 10% kapa ho feta ea theko ea likarolo. Ntle le moo, karolo ea theko ea li-valve tse fapaneng (Valve), linoelo tse monyang (Chuck), hlooho ea kamore ea ho arabela (Hlooho ea Shower), selikalikoe sa moeli (Edge Ring) le likarolo tse ling le tsona li phahame haholo.

Sebopeho sa sehlahisoa sa likarolo tsa lisebelisoa tsa 8-12-inch tse rekiloeng ke baetsi ba liphaephe tsa China ka 2020.

Har'a likarolo tse ka sehloohong tse boletsoeng ka holimo, sekhahla sa sebaka sa sebaka se fetang 10% se kenyelletsa lihlahisoa tse feliloeng tsa Quartz, hlooho ea Shower, lesale la Edge, joalo-joalo, 'me tse ling kaofela li batla li le tlaase sebakeng, haholo-holo Valve, Gauge, O-ring, joalo-joalo. e itšetlehile ka thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling. Ho ea ka kakaretso ea Xinmou, likarolo tse nang le sekhahla se tlase sa tikoloho hangata li kopana le tšobotsi e le 'ngoe kapa ho feta tse latelang:

1. Bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse rarahaneng tsa elektronike le tsa mechine, ho thata ho hlahisa theknoloji mme ho hloka ho nepahala ho phahameng. Mohlala, jenereithara ea RF e amana ka kotloloho le mahloriso a plasma le ho ts'oana ho sekoti. Ke e 'ngoe ea likarolo tsa bohlokoahali tsa mechini ea bohlokoa joalo ka Etch le PECVD. Bothata bo ka sehloohong ba tekheniki ea lijenereithara tsa RF tsa lapeng ke hore liparamente tse kang motlakase oa phepelo ea motlakase le maqhubu ha li lekane. E tsitsitse ebile e na le lekhalo le itseng ha e bapisoa le lik'hamphani tsa kantle ho naha tse kang AE. Mohlala o mong ke Pump. Le hoja China ea Shenyang Scientific Instruments e fetohile e mong oa barekisi ba ka sehloohong ba lipompo tse omeletseng bakeng sa melapo e omeletseng Chaena, boemo bo phahameng ba vacuum ea li-semiconductors bo ka finyelloa feela ka li-cryopumps le li-turbopumps tse nang le theko e phahameng, e seng matla a bahlahisi ba Chaena. Ho joalo le ka Gauge. Indasteri ea lisebelisoa tsa Chaena e ka fihlela litlhoko tsa tekanyo e akaretsang ea vacuum, empa e ke ke ea finyella litlhoko tse phahameng tsa theknoloji ea semiconductor.

2. Litlhoko tse phahameng tsa thepa. Baetsi ba Machaena ba matla ho feta machining le ho theha, empa motheo oa indasteri ea thepa o fokola. Valve, hlooho ea Shower, Ceramic le likarolo tse ling, le hoja bahlahisi ba Chaena ba ka etsa libopeho ho ea ka litšoantšo, empa hangata ha ba khone ho rarolla mathata a thepa le phekolo ea holim'a metsi, kahoo tsoelo-pele e thibetsoe ke motheo.

3. Mmaraka o monyenyane ebile o arohane. Ka mohlala, Gauge, MFC, O-ring le likarolo tse ling ha li na litlhoko tse phahameng feela mabapi le ho nepahala le thepa, empa le boholo ba 'maraka oa lihlahisoa tsa boemo ba semiconductor bo nyane haholo. Hase feela hore boholo ba 'maraka bo nyenyane, empa lihlahisoa tse ling li na le mefuta e mengata ea lihlahisoa,' me melao-motheo ea ho sebetsa ea mefuta e fapaneng e fapane haholo. Ke 'maraka o nang le litšobotsi tse tloaelehileng tse arohaneng,' me bahlahisi ba Chaena ha ba na thahasello e lekaneng le khothatso.

Bafani ba lisebelisoa tsa 8-12-inch le sekhahla sa ho iphelisa

Ho rarolla bothata ba melala e khomaretsoeng likarolong tsa lisebelisoa tsa tlhahiso ea semiconductor, pele ho tsohle, masela a lapeng le lifeme tsa lisebelisoa li tlameha ho e nka e le tsa bohlokoa haholo, 'me li sebelisane le baetsi ba likarolo tsa lehae ho rarolla mathata a mantlha ka kopanelo. Likhoele tsa lehae li tlameha ho iteta sefuba ho fana ka lisebelisoa tsa lapeng le menyetla ea netefatso ea likarolo, le ho bapala ka nepo karolo ea mokhatlo o moholo oa tlhahiso le khokahanyo. Moetsi oa lisebelisoa tsa mantlha o lokela ho bapala karolo ea ho hokahanya lipheletsong tse peli letotong, 'me a khothaletse ka mafolofolo netefatso ea bahlahisi ba likarolo tsa lapeng mme a ba khothaletse ho bareki. Ka tšehetso e matla ea lifeme tsa masela le lisebelisoa, baetsi ba likarolo tsa lisebelisoa lefapheng la mechini, lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki le lik'hemik'hale ba lokela ho khothaletsoa ho holisa le ho holisa khoebo ea bona ea semiconductor, le ho nts'etsapele lihlahisoa tsa boleng bo holimo ho fihlela litlhoko tsa lisebelisoa tsa semiconductor tse thehiloeng ho metheo ea bona ea botekgeniki. Boholo ba baetsi ba likarolo le likarolo tsa Machaena ba tseba theknoloji ea motheo, empa ka nakoana ha ba khone ho finyella litekanyetso tsa li-semiconductors. Ha ho na menyetla tlas'a ts'ebetso ea bareki ba matla. Quartz ea lapeng, jenereithara ea RF, hlooho ea Shower, selikalikoe sa Edge, MFC, Ceramic le likarolo tse ling li netefalitsoe ka ho pharaletseng moleng oa liphaephe esita le ho romelloa ka lihlopha. Nakong e tlang, ba tla tsoela pele ho tsitsisa 'maraka' me butle-butle ba tlose ho itšetleha ha bona ho United States, empa nako ea fapana. Ho na le bolelele feela.

Taba ea bobeli, re ntse re tlameha ho ela hloko likhoebo tsa mose ho maoatle le lisebelisoa tsa tekheniki. Esita le linatla tsa lisebelisoa tsa machaba li khothalletsa ho kenngoa ha likarolo le likarolo tse ling e le ho thusa bareki ba lihlahisoa tsa naha. Nyeoe e tloaelehileng: Ka lebaka la ho tiea ha matla a tlhahiso ea Quartz lefatšeng ka bophara, linatla tsa lisebelisoa tsa machaba li fetisitse ka tatellano setifikeiti sa baetsi ba thepa ea lapeng ea Quartz joalo ka Philippines le Pacific Quartz, ba bula tsela ea hore lihlahisoa tsa bona tse felileng tsa Quartz li kene moleng oa liphaphatha tsa lapeng. Ho feta moo, Shengong Semiconductor, Jingjiang Pioneer le bahlahisi ba bang le bona ba na le lihlahisoa tse ngata tse netefalitsoeng ke linatla tsa lisebelisoa tsa machaba. Tlas'a tšusumetso ea seoa sena, tjantjello ea lik'hamphani tsa machaba tsa lisebelisoa tsa ho haha ​​​​ketane ea phepelo ea likarolo tsa lehae ho sireletsa bareki ba naha le eona e eketsehile haholo. Le ha e ntse e tsoela pele ho ts'ehetsa nts'etsopele ea litonanahali tsa lisebelisoa tsa machaba Chaena, mafapha a amehang a tlameha ho arabela litlhoko tsa ona kapa litebello tsa ona bakeng sa ho thusa kahong ea ketane ea phepelo ea likarolo tsa lehae, le ho theha tsamaiso e laolehang ea tikoloho ea likhokahano tsa tlhahiso ea li-semiconductor. Bahlahisi ba bang ba likarolo tsa Majapane le Europe ba ntse ba thahasella 'maraka o ntseng o hola oa China ka lebaka la ho fokotseha butle butle ha tlhahiso ea liphaephe tsa lehae, tse fanang ka menyetla bakeng sa capital capital ea China ho thusa theknoloji ea bona ho etsa indasteri China.

Qetellong, bakeng sa likarolo tse ling tseo boholo ba 'maraka oa tsona bo leng nyane haholo' me ha ho baetsi ba lehae ba ikemiselitseng ho beha leoto ho tsona, ke lik'hamphani tse ling feela tse anngoeng haholo ke thibelo ea US tse ka nkang boikarabelo bo ka sehloohong, 'me ka tšehetso ea mafapha a amehang, li tsetela lihlopha. ho itshepa le ho rarolla mathata a bona. Tšoso ea molala oa karete. Bakeng sa libaka tse sa sebetseng moruong, mathata a ka rarolloa feela ka mekhoa e seng ea mmaraka. Ka nako ena, ho molemo hore u ipotse, 'me u se ke ua ba le likhopolo tse sa utloahaleng.

Boitlhotlhollo: Sengoloa sena se hlahisitsoe ho "Xinmou Research" ea Wang Xiaolong ho ts'ehetsa ts'ireletso ea litokelo tsa thepa ea mahlale. Ka kopo, bontša mohloli oa pele le mongoli oa khatiso e ncha. Haeba ho na le tlolo ea molao, ka kopo ikopanye le rona ho e hlakola.